Journal of Social Science and Human Research Studies (JSSHRS) · Research article · Open access
Process Writing Meets AI: A Hybrid Model for Teaching German Academic Writing Structure in the Merdeka Belajar Era
Ambo Dalle, Johar Amir
26 October 2026 · Vol. 2, Issue 10, pp. 1891-1897
DOI: 10.65150/EP-jsshrs/V2E10/2026-11 (registration with Crossref in progress)
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What is this article about?
Purpose: This study examined whether a hybrid pedagogical model that combines process writing with generative artificial intelligence (AI) feedback improves German-as-a-Foreign-Language (DaF) learners' command of academic writing structure under Indonesia's Merdeka Belajar–Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) policy, in a model where the writer, not the AI tool, remains the decision-maker. Methods: A mixed-methods, nonequivalent control-group quasi-experiment was conducted with 42 undergraduate German Language Education students in two intact classes (n = 21 each) over one semester.
Article at a glance
- Published
- 26 October 2026
- Volume / issue / pages
- Vol. 2, Issue 10, pp. 1891-1897
- ISSN
- 3051-3561 (online) · 3051-3553 (print)
- Licence
- CC BY 4.0 — free to read and reuse with attribution
- Peer review
- Double-blind, at least two independent reviewers
- Publisher
- EP Journals Group
Abstract
Purpose: This study examined whether a hybrid pedagogical model that combines process writing with generative artificial intelligence (AI) feedback improves German-as-a-Foreign-Language (DaF) learners' command of academic writing structure under Indonesia's Merdeka Belajar–Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) policy, in a model where the writer, not the AI tool, remains the decision-maker. Methods: A mixed-methods, nonequivalent control-group quasi-experiment was conducted with 42 undergraduate German Language Education students in two intact classes (n = 21 each) over one semester. The experimental class followed a Hybrid Process-AI Writing Model (staged drafting, structured AI feedback, teacher conferencing); the comparison class received conventional process writing instruction. Essays were scored with an analytic rubric and analyzed with ANCOVA (pretest as covariate, Holm adjustment); interviews with eight focal students were analyzed thematically. Findings: After controlling for pretest scores, the classes did not differ on the total structure score, F(1, 39) = 0.70, p = .409, partial η² = .02, or on any rubric dimension (all Holm-adjusted p = 1.000); effect sizes were small and inconsistent in direction (d from −0.33 to 0.18). Both classes improved substantially, and they were not equivalent at pretest on paragraph organization/argumentation. Implications: The study found no evidence that the hybrid model outperformed teacher-only process writing within one semester; given its limited power, the null result is inconclusive rather than evidence of equivalence. Originality: This is among the first comparison-group classroom studies of a hybrid process-AI model for DaF academic writing, reporting a transparent, pre-specified null result.
Keywords: process writing, generative AI, German as a foreign language, academic writing structure, Merdeka Belajar
Cite this article
Ambo Dalle, & Johar Amir (2026). Process Writing Meets AI: A Hybrid Model for Teaching German Academic Writing Structure in the Merdeka Belajar Era. Journal of Social Science and Human Research Studies, 2(10), 1891-1897. https://www.ep-journals.org/articles/process-writing-meets-ai-a-hybrid-model-for-teaching-german-80d3ecc5
@article{Ambo2026,
title = {Process Writing Meets AI: A Hybrid Model for Teaching German Academic Writing Structure in the Merdeka Belajar Era},
author = {Ambo Dalle and Johar Amir},
journal = {Journal of Social Science and Human Research Studies},
year = {2026},
volume = {2},
number = {10},
pages = {1891-1897},
url = {https://www.ep-journals.org/articles/process-writing-meets-ai-a-hybrid-model-for-teaching-german-80d3ecc5}
}Questions about this article
Who wrote this article?
Ambo Dalle, Johar Amir.
Where and when was it published?
In Journal of Social Science and Human Research Studies, Volume 2, Issue 10, pages 1891-1897, published by EP Journals Group on 26 October 2026.
Is this article free to read?
Yes. It is open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) licence, so anyone can read, share and reuse it with attribution.
What is the DOI of this article?
10.65150/EP-jsshrs/V2E10/2026-11. Registration with Crossref is in progress.
How do I cite this article?
APA: Ambo Dalle, & Johar Amir (2026). Process Writing Meets AI: A Hybrid Model for Teaching German Academic Writing Structure in the Merdeka Belajar Era. Journal of Social Science and Human Research Studies, 2(10), 1891-1897. https://www.ep-journals.org/articles/process-writing-meets-ai-a-hybrid-model-for-teaching-german-80d3ecc5
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