Journal of Natural Science Research and Review (JNSRR) · Research article · Open access
The Universe as A Relational System: A Novel Quantum–Cosmological Framework From “One Plus One Equals Four” Explaining the Dark Energy Mechanism
LIE Chun Pong
12 October 2026 · Vol. 2, Issue 10, pp. 312-318
DOI: 10.65150/EP-jnsrr/V2E10/2026-01 (registration with Crossref in progress)
Download full text (PDF)Cite this article
What is this article about?
This paper revises and develops a novel quantum-cosmological conceptual model in which the observable universe is treated as one sector of a broader relational structure. The expression “one plus one equals four” is reformulated not as an arithmetic claim but as a description of how two potentially related spacetime sectors may jointly generate a four-dimensional relational framework.
Article at a glance
- Published
- 12 October 2026
- Volume / issue / pages
- Vol. 2, Issue 10, pp. 312-318
- ISSN
- 3051-3766 (online) · 3051-3758 (print)
- Licence
- CC BY 4.0 — free to read and reuse with attribution
- Peer review
- Double-blind, at least two independent reviewers
- Publisher
- EP Journals Group
Abstract
This paper revises and develops a novel quantum-cosmological conceptual model in which the observable universe is treated as one sector of a broader relational structure. The expression “one plus one equals four” is reformulated not as an arithmetic claim but as a description of how two potentially related spacetime sectors may jointly generate a four-dimensional relational framework. This framework comprises asymmetric spatial contributions from each sector together with a shared temporal dimension and an interface that encodes relational data. Three central concepts are introduced: (i) the corresponding cosmic sector, (ii) black-hole horizons interpreted as possible information boundaries between sectors, and (iii) “folding energy” as a hypothetical effective contribution associated with geometry, topology, compactification, or inter-sector coupling. A preliminary mathematical structure is outlined involving two manifolds, an interface region, a coupling term that respects the asymmetry of the spatial sectors, and an effective action. The framework deliberately distinguishes established physical principles, mathematically admissible constructions, and purely conjectural interpretations. While the model remains speculative, it offers a conceptual bridge that may help orient future investigations into the relationship between quantum theory and gravitation.
Keywords: quantum cosmology, general relativity, black-hole information, spacetime topology, N+1=4, vacuum energy, dark energy, extra dimensions, relational universe, theoretical model, Folding Energy
Cite this article
LIE Chun Pong (2026). The Universe as A Relational System: A Novel Quantum–Cosmological Framework From “One Plus One Equals Four” Explaining the Dark Energy Mechanism. Journal of Natural Science Research and Review, 2(10), 312-318. https://www.ep-journals.org/articles/the-universe-as-a-relational-system-a-novel-quantum-cosmological-8f6bf32d
@article{LIE2026,
title = {The Universe as A Relational System: A Novel Quantum–Cosmological Framework From “One Plus One Equals Four” Explaining the Dark Energy Mechanism},
author = {LIE Chun Pong},
journal = {Journal of Natural Science Research and Review},
year = {2026},
volume = {2},
number = {10},
pages = {312-318},
url = {https://www.ep-journals.org/articles/the-universe-as-a-relational-system-a-novel-quantum-cosmological-8f6bf32d}
}Questions about this article
Who wrote this article?
LIE Chun Pong.
Where and when was it published?
In Journal of Natural Science Research and Review, Volume 2, Issue 10, pages 312-318, published by EP Journals Group on 12 October 2026.
Is this article free to read?
Yes. It is open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) licence, so anyone can read, share and reuse it with attribution.
What is the DOI of this article?
10.65150/EP-jnsrr/V2E10/2026-01. Registration with Crossref is in progress.
How do I cite this article?
APA: LIE Chun Pong (2026). The Universe as A Relational System: A Novel Quantum–Cosmological Framework From “One Plus One Equals Four” Explaining the Dark Energy Mechanism. Journal of Natural Science Research and Review, 2(10), 312-318. https://www.ep-journals.org/articles/the-universe-as-a-relational-system-a-novel-quantum-cosmological-8f6bf32d
More research from JNSRR
- Impact of Agricultural Sulfur and Ground Yellow Corn Cob Amendments on Soil Nutrient Availability and Safflower (Carthamus Tinctorius L.) Growth
Ismail Razak Al-Shahbani · Oct 2026
- Novel Proposal of the Cosmological Constant: Dark Energy, Dark Matter, and the Accelerated Expansion of the Universe
Lie Chun Pong · Oct 2026
- The N+1-Dimensional Framework: Folding Energy is the Main Source of Dark Energy in Brane Cosmology
Lie Chun Pong · Oct 2026
- Optimizing Growth Dynamics and Vase Life Extension of Daffodil (Narcissus Tazetta L. Var. Orientalis 'Double Roman') Through High-Dose Compost and GA₃ Pre-Treatment
Sarah Hussein Al-Shammari · Oct 2026
- Curvature Diagnostics in Lorentzian Geometry with Applications to General Relativity
Brima Conteh, Momoh Kamara, Christian Abu Sandy · Oct 2026