Journal of Natural Science Research and Review (JNSRR)

The Universe as A Relational System: A Novel Quantum–Cosmological Framework From “One Plus One Equals Four” Explaining the Dark Energy Mechanism

Pong, LIE Chun

12 October 2026 · Vol. 2, Issue 10, pp. 312-318

DOI: 10.65150/EP-jnsrr/V2E10/2026-01

Abstract

This paper revises and develops a novel quantum-cosmological conceptual model in which the observable universe is treated as one sector of a broader relational structure. The expression “one plus one equals four” is reformulated not as an arithmetic claim but as a description of how two potentially related spacetime sectors may jointly generate a four-dimensional relational framework. This framework comprises asymmetric spatial contributions from each sector together with a shared temporal dimension and an interface that encodes relational data. Three central concepts are introduced: (i) the corresponding cosmic sector, (ii) black-hole horizons interpreted as possible information boundaries between sectors, and (iii) “folding energy” as a hypothetical effective contribution associated with geometry, topology, compactification, or inter-sector coupling. A preliminary mathematical structure is outlined involving two manifolds, an interface region, a coupling term that respects the asymmetry of the spatial sectors, and an effective action. The framework deliberately distinguishes established physical principles, mathematically admissible constructions, and purely conjectural interpretations. While the model remains speculative, it offers a conceptual bridge that may help orient future investigations into the relationship between quantum theory and gravitation.

Keywords: quantum cosmology, general relativity, black-hole information, spacetime topology, N+1=4, vacuum energy, dark energy, extra dimensions, relational universe, theoretical model, Folding Energy

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Pong, & LIE Chun (2026). The Universe as A Relational System: A Novel Quantum–Cosmological Framework From “One Plus One Equals Four” Explaining the Dark Energy Mechanism. Journal of Natural Science Research and Review, 2(10), 312-318. https://doi.org/10.65150/EP-jnsrr/V2E10/2026-01

@article{Pong2026,
  title   = {The Universe as A Relational System: A Novel Quantum–Cosmological Framework From “One Plus One Equals Four” Explaining the Dark Energy Mechanism},
  author  = {Pong and LIE Chun},
  journal = {Journal of Natural Science Research and Review},
  year    = {2026},
  volume  = {2},
  number  = {10},
  pages   = {312-318},
  doi     = {10.65150/EP-jnsrr/V2E10/2026-01},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.65150/EP-jnsrr/V2E10/2026-01}
}

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