Journal of Economic, Finance Research and Review (JEFRR) · Research article · Open access
Data Governance, Bias Mitigation, And Legal Risk: A Holistic AI Compliance Framework for U.S. Companies in High Stakes Sectors
Joy Oluchi Nwachukwu, Thaddaeuse Odhiambo, Dorcas Akorkor Apaflo, Solomon Doe Adjaottor
20 July 2026 · Vol. 2, Issue 7, pp. 440-446
DOI: 10.65150/EP-jefrr/V2E7/2026-09
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What is this article about?
This study examines data governance, bias mitigation, and legal risk within the context of a holistic Artificial Intelligence (AI) compliance framework for US companies operating in high-stakes sectors such as healthcare, finance, insurance, and critical infrastructure. The rapid adoption of AI systems has improved efficiency and decision-making capabilities.
Article at a glance
- Published
- 20 July 2026
- Volume / issue / pages
- Vol. 2, Issue 7, pp. 440-446
- ISSN
- 3051-3650 (online) · 3051-3642 (print)
- Licence
- CC BY 4.0 — free to read and reuse with attribution
- Peer review
- Double-blind, at least two independent reviewers
- Publisher
- EP Journals Group
Abstract
This study examines data governance, bias mitigation, and legal risk within the context of a holistic Artificial Intelligence (AI) compliance framework for US companies operating in high-stakes sectors such as healthcare, finance, insurance, and critical infrastructure. The rapid adoption of AI systems has improved efficiency and decision-making capabilities. However, it has also introduced significant challenges related to algorithmic bias, lack of transparency, weak data governance, and increasing legal and regulatory exposure. Drawing on existing literature, the study highlights that inadequate governance structures and poor-quality datasets contribute to discriminatory outcomes, reduced accountability, and heightened compliance risks under evolving regulatory regimes. It further shows that algorithmic bias persists due to historical data inequalities and opaque machine-learning models, while legal frameworks such as privacy and anti-discrimination laws place additional obligations on organizations deploying AI systems. The study concludes that a holistic AI compliance framework integrating data governance, bias mitigation strategies, legal oversight, cybersecurity, and ethical accountability is essential for ensuring responsible and trustworthy AI deployment in high-stakes environments.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Data Governance, Algorithmic Bias, Legal Risk Management, AI Compliance Framework.
Cite this article
Joy Oluchi Nwachukwu, Thaddaeuse Odhiambo, Dorcas Akorkor Apaflo, & Solomon Doe Adjaottor (2026). Data Governance, Bias Mitigation, And Legal Risk: A Holistic AI Compliance Framework for U.S. Companies in High Stakes Sectors. Journal of Economic, Finance Research and Review, 2(7), 440-446. https://doi.org/10.65150/EP-jefrr/V2E7/2026-09
@article{Joy2026,
title = {Data Governance, Bias Mitigation, And Legal Risk: A Holistic AI Compliance Framework for U.S. Companies in High Stakes Sectors},
author = {Joy Oluchi Nwachukwu and Thaddaeuse Odhiambo and Dorcas Akorkor Apaflo and Solomon Doe Adjaottor},
journal = {Journal of Economic, Finance Research and Review},
year = {2026},
volume = {2},
number = {7},
pages = {440-446},
doi = {10.65150/EP-jefrr/V2E7/2026-09},
url = {https://doi.org/10.65150/EP-jefrr/V2E7/2026-09}
}Questions about this article
Who wrote this article?
Joy Oluchi Nwachukwu, Thaddaeuse Odhiambo, Dorcas Akorkor Apaflo, Solomon Doe Adjaottor.
Where and when was it published?
In Journal of Economic, Finance Research and Review, Volume 2, Issue 7, pages 440-446, published by EP Journals Group on 20 July 2026.
Is this article free to read?
Yes. It is open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) licence, so anyone can read, share and reuse it with attribution.
What is the DOI of this article?
10.65150/EP-jefrr/V2E7/2026-09 (https://doi.org/10.65150/EP-jefrr/V2E7/2026-09).
How do I cite this article?
APA: Joy Oluchi Nwachukwu, Thaddaeuse Odhiambo, Dorcas Akorkor Apaflo, & Solomon Doe Adjaottor (2026). Data Governance, Bias Mitigation, And Legal Risk: A Holistic AI Compliance Framework for U.S. Companies in High Stakes Sectors. Journal of Economic, Finance Research and Review, 2(7), 440-446. https://doi.org/10.65150/EP-jefrr/V2E7/2026-09
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