Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Research (GJETR) · Research article · Open access
Climate-Resilient Foundation Design for Coastal Infrastructure Under Rising Groundwater Conditions: A Review
John Ayomide Olukoju, Micheal Abimbola Oladosu
22 September 2026 · Vol. 2, Issue 9, pp. 563-568
DOI: 10.65150/EP-gjetr/V2E9/2026-13
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What is this article about?
Background: Sea-level rise poses not only a threat to coastal infrastructure through surface inundation, but also through coastal groundwater table rise, which occurs slowly, over a long period of time, and is difficult to see, before it even reaches the surface. Methods: The methods for this review involve a synthesis of the mechanisms of coastal groundwater rise, the structural and geotechnical implications, and the new strategies in foundation design and site characterisation based on peer-reviewed literature (2021–2025) from journals in Earth and environmental science, geotechnical engineering literature, and civil engineering case studies.
Article at a glance
- Published
- 22 September 2026
- Volume / issue / pages
- Vol. 2, Issue 9, pp. 563-568
- ISSN
- 3051-3782 (online) · 3051-3774 (print)
- Licence
- CC BY 4.0 — free to read and reuse with attribution
- Peer review
- Double-blind, at least two independent reviewers
- Publisher
- EP Journals Group
Abstract
Background: Sea-level rise poses not only a threat to coastal infrastructure through surface inundation, but also through coastal groundwater table rise, which occurs slowly, over a long period of time, and is difficult to see, before it even reaches the surface. Methods: The methods for this review involve a synthesis of the mechanisms of coastal groundwater rise, the structural and geotechnical implications, and the new strategies in foundation design and site characterisation based on peer-reviewed literature (2021–2025) from journals in Earth and environmental science, geotechnical engineering literature, and civil engineering case studies. Results: Rising groundwater causes decrease in unsaturated buffer above foundations, enhances buoyant uplift, raises pore pressure, and speeds up chlorides-induced corrosion of substructure concrete and buried steel. Data from the USA, the Netherlands and the city of Lagos, Nigeria, demonstrates that these forces exacerbate low-lying deltaic cities' experience of land subsidence. A climate resilient foundation design framework is built on the foundation of the integrated borehole-cone penetration test (CPT) characterisation, new liquefaction and bearing-capacity correlations, ground improvement, and probabilistic uncertainty-aware design. Conclusion: Coastal foundation engineering needs to move beyond the precepts of the past, relying on water-table assumptions, to one based on monitoring and knowledge of uncertainty, and prepared to face decades of groundwater rise.
Keywords: rising groundwater, sea-level rise, foundation design, coastal infrastructure, cone penetration test, climate resilience
Cite this article
John Ayomide Olukoju, & Micheal Abimbola Oladosu (2026). Climate-Resilient Foundation Design for Coastal Infrastructure Under Rising Groundwater Conditions: A Review. Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Research, 2(9), 563-568. https://doi.org/10.65150/EP-gjetr/V2E9/2026-13
@article{John2026,
title = {Climate-Resilient Foundation Design for Coastal Infrastructure Under Rising Groundwater Conditions: A Review},
author = {John Ayomide Olukoju and Micheal Abimbola Oladosu},
journal = {Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Research},
year = {2026},
volume = {2},
number = {9},
pages = {563-568},
doi = {10.65150/EP-gjetr/V2E9/2026-13},
url = {https://doi.org/10.65150/EP-gjetr/V2E9/2026-13}
}Questions about this article
Who wrote this article?
John Ayomide Olukoju, Micheal Abimbola Oladosu.
Where and when was it published?
In Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Research, Volume 2, Issue 9, pages 563-568, published by EP Journals Group on 22 September 2026.
Is this article free to read?
Yes. It is open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) licence, so anyone can read, share and reuse it with attribution.
What is the DOI of this article?
10.65150/EP-gjetr/V2E9/2026-13 (https://doi.org/10.65150/EP-gjetr/V2E9/2026-13).
How do I cite this article?
APA: John Ayomide Olukoju, & Micheal Abimbola Oladosu (2026). Climate-Resilient Foundation Design for Coastal Infrastructure Under Rising Groundwater Conditions: A Review. Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Research, 2(9), 563-568. https://doi.org/10.65150/EP-gjetr/V2E9/2026-13
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