Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Research (GJETR) · Research article · Open access
Characterization and Adsorption Effectiveness of Coconut Shell-Activated Carbon/Fe₃O₄ as Novel-Adsorbent on Copper Removal from Wastewater
Eka Sri Yusmartini, Mardwita, Siti Aisyah Putri Shaffira, Wahyu Triaji Rahadianto
11 December 2025 · Vol. 1, Issue 4, pp. 193-198
DOI: 10.65150/EP-gjetr/V1E4/2025-05
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What is this article about?
Fe₃O₄-modified activated carbon from coconut shell has arisen as a promising magnetic adsorbent for wastewater treatment applications. This study aims to synthesize activated carbon that meets the Indonesian National Standard (SNI), characterize the physicochemical properties of activated carbon/Fe₃O₄ using Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and evaluate its adsorption efficiency for Cu ion removal under varying operational conditions, including adsorbent mass, contact time, and initial Cu concentration.
Article at a glance
- Published
- 11 December 2025
- Volume / issue / pages
- Vol. 1, Issue 4, pp. 193-198
- ISSN
- 3051-3782 (online) · 3051-3774 (print)
- Licence
- CC BY 4.0 — free to read and reuse with attribution
- Peer review
- Double-blind, at least two independent reviewers
- Publisher
- EP Journals Group
Abstract
Fe₃O₄-modified activated carbon from coconut shell has arisen as a promising magnetic adsorbent for wastewater treatment applications. This study aims to synthesize activated carbon that meets the Indonesian National Standard (SNI), characterize the physicochemical properties of activated carbon/Fe₃O₄ using Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and evaluate its adsorption efficiency for Cu ion removal under varying operational conditions, including adsorbent mass, contact time, and initial Cu concentration. The adsorbent was synthesized from coconut shell-derived activated carbon, chemically activated with 10% H₃PO₄, and composited with Fe₃O₄ to enhance its magnetic properties. Characterization results confirmed the presence of functional groups and surface morphological features that contribute to improved adsorption performance. Adsorption experiments demonstrated that the optimal conditions were achieved with an adsorbent mass of 3 g, a contact time of 75 min, and an initial Cu concentration of 60 mg/L, yielding a maximum adsorption efficiency of 99.70%. The incorporation of Fe₃O₄ not only enhanced adsorption performance and facilitated easy separation of the adsorbent from aqueous solutions. These findings emphasize the potential of activated carbon/Fe₃O₄ as an efficient and sustainable adsorbent for heavy metal removal in industrial wastewater treatment applications.
Keywords: Activated carbon, activated carbon/Fe₃O₄, wastewater treatment, Cu removal, coconut shell
Cite this article
Eka Sri Yusmartini, Mardwita, Siti Aisyah Putri Shaffira, & Wahyu Triaji Rahadianto (2025). Characterization and Adsorption Effectiveness of Coconut Shell-Activated Carbon/Fe₃O₄ as Novel-Adsorbent on Copper Removal from Wastewater. Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Research, 1(4), 193-198. https://doi.org/10.65150/EP-gjetr/V1E4/2025-05
@article{Eka2025,
title = {Characterization and Adsorption Effectiveness of Coconut Shell-Activated Carbon/Fe₃O₄ as Novel-Adsorbent on Copper Removal from Wastewater},
author = {Eka Sri Yusmartini and Mardwita and Siti Aisyah Putri Shaffira and Wahyu Triaji Rahadianto},
journal = {Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Research},
year = {2025},
volume = {1},
number = {4},
pages = {193-198},
doi = {10.65150/EP-gjetr/V1E4/2025-05},
url = {https://doi.org/10.65150/EP-gjetr/V1E4/2025-05}
}Questions about this article
Who wrote this article?
Eka Sri Yusmartini, Mardwita, Siti Aisyah Putri Shaffira, Wahyu Triaji Rahadianto.
Where and when was it published?
In Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Research, Volume 1, Issue 4, pages 193-198, published by EP Journals Group on 11 December 2025.
Is this article free to read?
Yes. It is open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) licence, so anyone can read, share and reuse it with attribution.
What is the DOI of this article?
10.65150/EP-gjetr/V1E4/2025-05 (https://doi.org/10.65150/EP-gjetr/V1E4/2025-05).
How do I cite this article?
APA: Eka Sri Yusmartini, Mardwita, Siti Aisyah Putri Shaffira, & Wahyu Triaji Rahadianto (2025). Characterization and Adsorption Effectiveness of Coconut Shell-Activated Carbon/Fe₃O₄ as Novel-Adsorbent on Copper Removal from Wastewater. Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Research, 1(4), 193-198. https://doi.org/10.65150/EP-gjetr/V1E4/2025-05
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